Niu Binggui, 32, Niu Haoran, 3, Anyuan Village

Niu Binggui, 32, and Niu Haoran, 3, Anyuan Village.

Niu Binggui is a cook in charge of catering for a construction company in neighboring Ningxia province. For 10 years, he has been working as a cook in restaurants and dreams of opening his own place, but so far he lacks the funds to do so. He was home with his family for Chinese New Year and won’t see them again for several months.

Peng Xusheng, 76, Peng Jinjin, 70, Peng Xiyuan, one month old, Anjiawan Village

Peng Xusheng, 76, Peng Jinjin, 70, and Peng Xiyuan, one month old, Anjiawan Village.

Peng Jinjin is all smiles with his newborn granddaughter, Xiyuan, lying on the kang by an open window. One of his two sons committed suicide after his wife left him, leaving Peng in charge of another granddaughter. To Peng’s left is his older brother, who never married.

Chen Guiqin, 72, Liu Yanggao, 73, Baituo Village

Chen Guiqin, 72, and Liu Yanggao, 73, Baituo Village.

Chen and Liu, husband and wife, are cared for by one of their two daughters who recently gave birth to a daughter of her own. They say she is unhappy to have to stay in the village and would rather be in Shanghai, where her husband is a migrant worker. At right is the couple’s altar for their ancestors and calligraphy with a quote from former Communist Party Secretary Jiang Zemin.

Zhang Guizi, 71, Huangmen Village

Zhang Guizi, 71, Huangmen Village.

Before the revolution, Zhang’s family lived in a cave with no land of their own. He keeps a huge poster of Mao Zedong, whom he credits for getting his family out of poverty. But he also laments the destruction of the local Taoist temple during the Cultural Revolution. The temple was recently renovated through financial contributions from all the villagers. Zhang says it’s nowhere near as beautiful as it was before, but he is still happy to see it alive again. At right, next to the kang is Zhang’s coal-burning stove.

Wang Huanguo, 77, Huangmen Village

Wang Huanguo, 77, Huangmen Village.

Wang believes that her feet were first bandaged starting around the time she was four years old. In those days, all girls would get their feet bound. The practice died out throughout the first half of the 20th century, in part due to anti foot-binding campaigns, and the practice had almost completely stopped by the time Mao took power. “But my grandmother’s feet were even smaller!” she says. Today, Wang uses a cane when she walks.